ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵ (carbonate rock)

ËÔ¹»Ù¹ (limestone e) áÅÐâ´âÅäÁµì (dolomite)

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,,, ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵ (carbonate rocks ËÃ×Ícarbonates) ¤×Í ËÔ¹µÐ¡Í¹·ÕèÁÕͧ¤ì»ÃСͺ ÊèǹãË­èà»ç¹áÃè·ÕèÁÕ͹ØÁÙŤÒÃìºÍ๵ (CO₃^-2) ´Ñ§¹Ñ鹤ӤӹÕé¨Ö§ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒ¤Ãͺ¤ÅØÁ ËÔ¹»Ù¹ ËÔ¹ â´âÅäÁµì áÅÐËÔ¹»Ù¹â´âÅäÁµì ¡ÒÃàÃÕ¡ËÔ¹àËÅèÒ¹ÕéÃÇÁ¡Ñ¹ÇèÒ "ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵"¨Ö§à»ç¹¡ÒÃÅ´¤ÇÒÁÂØè§ÂÒ¡·Õè à¡Ô´¨Ò¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§¢Í§»ÃÔÁÒ³áÃè·Õèà»ç¹Í§¤ì»ÃСͺËÅÑ¡¢Í§ËԹ㹡ÅØèÁ¹Õé «Öè§ã¹ËÅÒ¡óÕäÁèÊÒÁÒö á¡áÂÐÍÍ¡ä´éªÑ´à¨¹

.....ËÔ¹»Ù¹ (limestone) à»ç¹ËÔ¹·ÕèÁÕáÃèá¤Å䫵ì (CaCO₃) à»ç¹Í§¤ì»ÃСͺÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 50 áÅÐËÔ¹ÊèǹãË­èà¡Ô´¨Ò¡¡ÒÃÊÐÊÁµÑǢͧà»Å×Í¡á¢ç§·ÕèÊÔè§ÁÕªÕÇÔµµèÒ§æ ·ÕèÍÒÈÑÂã¹·ÐàÅ àªè¹ »Ð¡ÒÃѧ ÊÒËÃèÒ áÅÐËÍ ÊÃéÒ§¢Öé¹à¾×èÍ»éͧ¡Ñ¹à¹×éÍËÃ×ÍÊèǹ·ÕèÍè͹¹ØèÁÍ×è¹æ ËÔ¹»Ù¹ÍÕ¡Êèǹ˹Öè§ÍÒ¨à¡Ô´¨Ò¡ ¡Ãкǹ¡Ò÷ҧ͹Թ·ÃÕÂìà¤ÁÕ â´ÂäÁèà¡ÕèÂÇ¢éͧ¡ÑºÊÔè§ÁÕªÕÇÔµ áÅÐÁÕËÔ¹»Ù¹à¾Õ§Êèǹ¹éÍÂà·èÒ¹Ñé¹·ÕèÁÕ ¡Óà¹Ô´º¹·ÇÕ» àªè¹ ËÔ¹·Ù¿Ò (tufa) áÅзÃÒàÇÍÃì·Õ¹ (travertine) à»ç¹µé¹

....ËÔ¹â´âÅäÁµì (dolomite) ÁÕÅѡɳзÑèÇ令ÅéÒÂËÔ¹»Ù¹ áµè¨ÐÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³¢Í§áÃèâ´âÅäÁµì [CaMg(CO₃)₂] ã¹à¹×éÍËÔ¹ÊÙ§¡ÇèÒáÃèá¤Å䫵ì ËÔ¹â´âÅäÁµìÊèǹãË­èËÃ×Íà¡×ͺ·Ñé§ËÁ´·Õ辺 à¡Ô´¨Ò¡ ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹ÊÀÒ¾ (diagenesis) ¨Ò¡ËÔ¹»Ù¹à´ÔÁ â´Â¡Ò÷Õè͹ØÁÙÅáÁ¡¹Õà«ÕÂÁ (Mg⁺²) à¢éÒä»á·¹·Õè ͹ØÁÙÅá¤Åà«ÕÂÁ (Ca⁺²) ºÒ§Êèǹ ÀÒÂËÅѧ¡ÒÃÊÐÊÁµÑÇ ÁÔãªèà¡Ô´¨Ò¡¡Òõ¡µÐ¡Í¹â´ÂµÃ§ã¹ÊÀÒÇÐ »°ÁÀÙÁÔ Ê׺à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡¢éͨӡѴ·Ò§¸Ã³Õà¤ÁÕºÒ§»ÃСÒÃ

....ËÔ¹»Ù¹â´âÅäÁµì (dolomitic limestone) ¤×Í ËÔ¹·ÕèÁÕͧ¤ì»ÃСͺ·Ò§áÃèá»Ã»Ãǹ ÍÂÙèÃÐËÇèÒ§ËÔ¹»Ù¹áÅÐËÔ¹â´âÅäÁµì ËÃ×ÍÍÒ¨¡ÅèÒÇä´éÇèÒà»ç¹ËÔ¹·ÕèÁÕáÃèâ´âÅäÁµì»¹ÍÂÙè㹪èǧÃÐËÇèÒ§ ÃéÍÂÅÐ 10 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 50 â´Â¹éÓ˹ѡ

¡ÒèѴ¡ÅØèÁËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵ µÒÁ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃

....â´Â·ÑèÇä»áÅéÇ ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵ª¹Ô´ËÔ¹»Ù¹¨ÐÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 50 áµè¡Òà ¹ÓËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵ä»ãªéã¹Ç§¡ÒÃÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ µéͧ¡ÒÃËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÊÙ§ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ ¨Ö§áºè§ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵à¾×èÍÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÍÍ¡à»ç¹ 6 ¡ÅØèÁ µÒÁÅѡɳСÒùÓä»ãªé»ÃÐ⪹ì â´ÂÍéÒ§ÍÔ§ ¨Ò¡Áҵðҹ¢Í§»ÃÐà·ÈÊËÃÑ°ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò (F.R. Siegel, 1967) Áҵðҹ¢Í§»ÃÐà·ÈÍѧ¡ÄÉ (D.J.Harison, 1992) Áҵðҹ¢Í§»ÃÐà·ÈàÂÍÃÁѹ¹Õ (Walter Lorenz, 1991) áÅÐ Áҵðҹ¢Í§»ÃÐà·Èà¹à¸ÍÃìᏴì (Radko A. Kuhnel, 1995) ´Ñ§ÃÒÂÅÐàÍÕ´´Ñ§µèÍ仹Õé

1. ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 98.5 ËÃ×ÍÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaO ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ ÃéÍÂÅÐ 55.2 (L1) ãªéà»ç¹µÑÇàµÔÁã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÂÒ§ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¾ÅÒʵԡ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÊÕ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¹éÓµÒÅ ãªéà»ç¹µÑǪèǶÅاã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁá¡éÇ
2. ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 97.0 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 98.5 ËÃ×ÍÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaO ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 54.4 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 55.2 (L2) ãªéà»ç¹µÑÇàµÔÁã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÍÒËÒà ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁà¤Ã×èͧÊÓÍÒ§ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÂÒ»¯ÔªÕǹРÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÂÒÊտѹ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ ÍÒËÒÃÊѵÇì ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¤ÒÃì亵ì
3. ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 96.0 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 97.0 ËÃ×ÍÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaO ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ 53.8 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 54.4 (L3) ãªéã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁà«ÃÒÁÔ¡
4. ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 95.0 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 96.0 ËÃ×ÍÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaO ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ 53.2 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 53.8 (L4) ãªéà»ç¹µÑÇàµÔÁã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÍÒËÒÃÊѵÇì ãªéã¹ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¤ÇÔ¡äÅÁì ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¼§¿Í¡ÊÕ
5. ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 90.0 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 95.0 ËÃ×ÍÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaO Á¡¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 50.4 ¶Ö§ÃéÍÂÅÐ 53.2 (L5) ãªéà»ç¹µÑÇàµÔÁã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃдÒÉ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¹éÓµÒÅ ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¼ÅԵ⫴Ò
6. ËÔ¹¤ÒÃìºÍ๵·ÕèÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaCO₃ ¹éÍ¡ÇèÒÃéÍÂÅÐ 90.0 ËÃ×ÍÁÕ»ÃÔÁÒ³ CaO ¹éÍ¡ÇèÒ ÃéÍÂÅÐ 50.4 (L6) ãªéà»ç¹µÑÇàµÔÁã¹ÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ»ØëÂ

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áËÅ觷ÕèµÑé§	»ÃÔÁÒ³ÊÓÃͧ	à¡Ã´à©ÅÕèÂ	àÍ¡ÊÒÃÍéÒ§ÍÔ§
áËÅ觴ͼÒÁÍ¡ Í.Åͧ ¨.á¾Ãè	50,000,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅè§ µ.Ãéͧ¡ÇÒ§ Í.Ãéͧ¡ÇÒ§ ¨.á¾Ãè	200,000	18-19.5 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅè§ µ.»Ô§â¤é§ Í.àªÕ§´ÒÇ ¨.àªÕ§ãËÁè	300,000,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅè§ µ.ÇѧµÑ§ Í.àÁ×ͧ ¨.¡Ò­¨¹ºØÃÕ	172,000,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅ觡ÅØèÁà¢Ò¶éÓÁѧ¡Ã·Í§ Í.àÁ×ͧ ¨.¡Ò­¨¹ºØÃÕ	195,500,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅè§à¢ÒÅéÍÁ¡Ã´ Í.àÁ×ͧ ¨.¡Ò­¨¹ºØÃÕ	22,750,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅè§à¢Ò´èÒ§ à¢Òªèͧ¾ÃÒ¹ à¢Òǧ ¨.ÃÒªºØÃÕ	35,300,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅ觡ÅØèÁà¢Ò·ÐÅØ à¢ÒªèͧÅÁ ¨.ÃÒªºØÃÕ	380,000,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
áËÅè§ ¨.ÊØÃÒÉ®Ãì¸Ò¹Õ ¹¤ÃÈÃÕ¸ÃÃÁÃÒª ¡ÃкÕè µÃѧ	1,000,000,000	> 18 % MgO	(2)/(-)
ÃÇÁ (â´âÅäÁµì)	2,155,750,000	> 18 % MgO